TOURISM AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN ISLAND COUNTRIES due to the difficulties generated by the tides, we speak of a mean sea level by measuring the average height of the surface of the water on Earth. It is indeed the measurement of the altitude of the surface of the water in an ocean by considering a fixed point on a ground. This measurement is necessary in several fields, in particular cartography and aviation which calibrates the altitude according to this level. The measurement referred to by the building construction sector may vary due to several aspects including wind, its direction, climate change and its effects. Increasing emissions of greenhouse gases that concentrate in the atmosphere are accelerating global warming and intensifying the effects of climate change. The ocean absorbs a very large amount of heat emitted by these gases – this is a greater amount than that absorbed by the atmosphere(Cheng, 2019)30. The oceans have contributed to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere by capturing nearly 90% of the heat caused by these gases, but there are also negative effects directly and indirectly linked to the seas and oceans.(Cheng, 2019). To obtain fairly precise results, satellites are used to digitally study changes in sea level. These satellites have, for example, precisely shown an increase of more than 3 millimeters per year between 1993 and today. Among the various causes of sea level rise are rising temperatures and intense flooding.(Choudhury, 1997)31. Intense rainfall generates floods which would naturally flow into the sea and contribute to the rise in sea and ocean levels32. The most important causes of rising sea levels are rising ocean temperatures in particular and glacial melting. Before developing these two points, it is appropriate to study the evolution of sea level from 1993 until today. According to NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), the current average sea level rise is 3.3 millimeters per year. This development experienced a slight decline in the late 1990s and early 2010, but this does not mean that sea level was falling. This increased but at an exceptionally slower rate during these periods. 30: Cheng, L J., and Coauthors, “2018 continues record global ocean warming.” Adv. atmosphere. Science. [online] 2019, Volume 3, pages 249–252, Available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-019-8276-x (accessed 2019-11-26) 31 Begum, S., & Fleming, G. “Climate change and sea level rise in Bangladesh, part II: Effects”. Marine Geodesy, pages 55-68, (1997). [online] available at <doi:10.1080/01490419709388094> (accessed 2019-11-27) 32Exexceptionally in the case of coastal countries.
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