Greenwashing, labelling and consumer protection Freddy A. Hung Gil1 Anabel González Fernández2 I. Food as a fundamental pillar of contemporary law. Preliminary notions. – II. Food Sovereignty and Food Security. – III. Food supply chain. – IV. Sustainability of agri-food activity. – V. Greenwashing phenomenon. – VI. Consumer protection in Cuba. Conclusive ideas. Due to the progress and growth of technologies and the process of globalisation, consumers and customers are increasingly aware of the environmental crisis and the impact of companies’ actions, which has led to a change in consumption patterns and companies to adapt to them. However, there are many unethical companies that provide their customers and consumers with products and/or services whose environmental properties have been overvalued, thus engaging in a deceptive practice known as ‘greenwashing.’ The analysis of consumer discipline in Cuba, if we are realistic, can leave us with a bitter taste when we realise that what has been done is not enough, as it is scattered and sometimes incoherent and incomplete. The effectiveness of the regulation, the internal coherence of the discipline, and its congruence with the system as a whole are faithful gauges for determining the intensity of protection and the relevance of a given sector. Keywords: Greenwashing, Labelling, Consumer Protection. I. FOOD AS A FUNDAMENTAL PILLAR OF CONTEMPORARY LAW. PRELIMINARY NOTIONS The evolution of food has been a constant in human history, but its evolution has been marked by drastic changes, both in the way food is produced and in the DOI 10.60559/gl29 1 Full-time Civil and Family Law Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Havana, Cuba, Notary Public. Email: freddy@lex.uh.cu. 2 Civil and Family Law Professor, Faculty of Law, University of Havana, Cuba.
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