• Patents and trademarks • Industrial designs and models • Honorary distinctions • Other rights arising from commercial, industrial, or artistic property International Regulation: Codex Alimentarius Although Argentina has its own Food Code, it also adheres to international standards such as those established by the Codex Alimentarius20. This set of standards and guidelines, developed by the FAO and WHO, establishes international food safety and quality benchmarks and serves as a reference for drafting or updating national regulations. Its application is particularly relevant for international food trade and for harmonizing food safety and control standards among countries. Adoption of Codex standards21 must align with each country’s legal and administrative frameworks, whether for domestic or imported products. This adoption can be: • Full: the country allows the free distribution of products that meet Codex standards and prohibits those that do not • Scheduled: the country commits to adopting the standard within a set timeframe while allowing provisional application • Conditional: the country accepts the standard with specific objections, indicating whether and when the standard will be fully adopted The Codex encompasses a broad regulatory body covering all types of food— unprocessed, semi-processed, and processed—destined for final consumption or as raw materials. It includes provisions on food hygiene, additives, pesticide residues, contaminants, labeling and presentation, as well as methods of analysis and sampling. It also incorporates codes of practice, guidelines, and other technical recommendations. Instruments include international codes of recommended practice for general food hygiene, product-specific standards, and recommended maximum residue limits for pesticides, veterinary drugs, additives, and contaminants such as mycotoxins and methylmercury. General guidelines also cover labeling, additive intake, and reference levels for potentially harmful substances. 20 https://www.argentina.gob.ar/anmat/regulados/alimentos/portafolio-educativo-control-de-la-inocuidad-delos-alimentos/codex 21 https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/es/ 696 GONZALO A. CASANOVA FERRO
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