b) help to build resilience in the tourism ecosystem across sectors and different public and private actors; c) contribute to the green transition of the tourism ecosystem regarding: i) transport, e.g. by supporting the decarbonisation of mobility, through innovations, new and breakthrough technologies, the development of multimodal travel and by increasing the attractiveness of sustainable modes of transport for passengers, with particular attention to the needs of the peripheries, less accessible areas, islands and outermost regions; and by promoting active mobility modes, such as cycling and hiking, and encouraging longer stays; ii) more circular and sustainable operations by tourism establishments across the ecosystem, including attractions, hospitality services, travel agents and tour operators; iii) creating conditions and incentives to improve the circularity of tourism services in line with EU-wide and national targets for food waste and waste separation, including reduced use of single-use plastic; iv) supporting sustainable tourism with regard to water management, energy efficiency, sanitation capacity and the protection of biodiversity10. III. ICA’S ADVOCACY ACTIVITY The interventions of Italian Competition Authority (hereinafter, ICA) on the matter are consistent with similar principles valued at the European level in the tourism sector. ICA has acted to eliminate the violations of competition law set up in the touristic field, mainly through a wide advocacy activity. The advocacy function focuses on the regulations set up by the Italian legislator (at national or local level) that can reduce competition between undertakings, damage the dynamics between operators and produce negative effects on consumers. Namely, among the most significant interventions, it should be remembered that ICA has adopted numerous opinions on the topic of limitations on competition deriving from Italian legislation on maritime concessions for tourist-recreational purposes. ICA’s interventions aimed censure both unjustified extensions of existing concessions11 and provisions contained in the selective procedures initiated for 10 See: European Council conclusions on European Agenda for Tourism 2030, Brussels, 1 December 2022 11 See, Emanuele Boscolo, Beni Pubblici e concorrenza: le concessioni demaniali marittime, Urbanistica e Appalti, 153 THE GROWING INFLUENCE OF COMPETITION LAW IN TOURISM
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