International Journal of Tourism, Travel and Hospitality Law 2023

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM, TRAVEL AND HOSPITALITY LAW possible recovery of the value lost) and, in order to do this, there must be, first of all, an adequate and correct development of the forms and methods of verification and control (both internal and external) of the managerial activity. A control, whose intrinsic ethicity is found in particular in the necessity to render functional the formation of the profit. In other words, it is necessary to set up a model in which solidarity is the prerequisite for overcoming the dichotomy between the free market and social policies, with a view to building a society in which the contractor, in the choice to be made, preference is given (sometimes to the presence of a simple certification mark) to a service for which it agrees to pay a higher price than that applied on the market, because it is a price that also includes the c.d. social and environmental costs of the finished product (the c.d. integral price). Preliminary to any other action is, to this end, the redefinition of the relations between State and market, since it is necessary to create an appropriate and stimulating context and, at the same time, avoid that it is done as in the past, when interventions in the public sector have brought only waste, corruption and inefficiency37. Even more so if we consider that the costs caused by the impoverishment and marginalization of a large part of the world population are increasing day by day. The logic of the market, therefore, alone is not enough, but it is necessary that economic policy address everyone, encouraging growth, and that governments provide adequate tools to achieve forms of sustainable development. A production of goods and services aimed at exploiting the potential of developing countries can only be left to the free market in a truly democratic context. By relying on a choice of recipient, based on principles of solidarity, the process of integrating social and environmental components into the world market is encouraged. So the social and ecological aspects of the economy will no longer represent a system of non-economic values, but will concern the sustainability of production, that is, a system that is generated from within. Indeed, social factors and effects are already inherent in the same economic model and legislation must become an endogenous factor in the market, also in 37 In this regard, cf. N. ROOZEN AND F. VAN DER HOFF, Max Havelaar, the adventure of Fair Trade, Feltrinelli, 2003, p.177, where it reads verbatim: “Marginalization is also caused by imperfect competition. The powerful of the market deprive producers of substantial economic value. Farmers depend on buyers to exploit them. Because of the overpowering positions of some subjects in the field of transport, primary processing and exports, the peasant gets only a small part of the world price. The world price in turn constitutes only a fraction of the final consumer price. Apparently, all earn on the sale of coffee, bananas or cotton, except the peasant. These unequal situations are often protected by legislation that favours elites and leaves corruption free.”

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