DARK-SKY TOURISM FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM RECOVERY industry23. The framework for action was divided into three areas: (1) managing the crisis and mitigating the impact, which included, mainly, measures to support business and jobs market; (2) providing stimulus and accelerating recovery, which emphasized the role of financial stimulus and (3) preparing for tomorrow, which included measures to encourage national tourism growth, as well as to build resilience and sustainability of the industry for the future. To encourage the implementation of the measures, the UNWTO has identified the Priorities for Tourism Recovery24 and adopted the Global Guidelines to Restart Tourism25. These two documents, among the others, emphasized the need to promote and work on domestic tourism as a key to the industry recovery and rebuilding of national economies, as well as proclaimed that innovation and sustainability of tourism should become a new normal. The path towards more sustainable tourism was supplemented by the One Planet Vision for Responsible Recovery of the Tourism Sector26. The One Planet Vision guides the recovery, underlining that tourism should contribute to SDGs. The Vision includes recommendations for action in six directions, namely: public health, social inclusion, biodiversity conservation, climate action, circular economy, governance and finance. The document generally aims at minimizing the negative effects of tourism activities and maximising the positive ones. Special attention is given to environmental challenges. National recovery policies have to acknowledge the important role of tourism to sustain conservation and fight the illegal wildlife trade. Moreover, governments should support investments in nature-based solutions. The Vision recognizes that “nature-based solutions have the potential to drive innovation in tourism towards sustainability and, besides mitigating environmental impacts of tourism activity, result in better management of scarce natural resources” and highlights that the development of nature-based tourism will be a great response to a growing demand for experiences in nature. Climate change concerns were also addressed by the new vision of tourism development. National governments should take action against climate change by, inter alia, supporting the shift to more climate-aware tourism practices. The measures suggested by the Vision can support and advance the industry resulting in common benefits. As the UNWTO Secretary-General Zurab Pololikashvili 23 See the footnote above. 24 UNWTO: Priorities for Tourism Recovery, Madrid, Spain, 28 May 2020. 25 UNWTO Global Guidelines to Restart Tourism, Madrid, Spain, 28 May 2020. 26 UNWTO: One Planet Sustainable Tourism Programme (2020) – One Planet Vision for a Responsible Recovery of the Tourism Sector.
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