INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOURISM, TRAVEL AND HOSPITALITY LAW Tourist flows by region in Europe, America, Asia, Africa and Middle East International arrivals (million) 2019 2020/2019 2022/2019 Mwave 1465.0 -72.2 -34.3 Europe 743.9 -67.8 -20.1 Asia 360.1 -83.6 -72.1 Americas 291.3 -68.3 -29.1 Africa 69.1 -72.9 -32.6 AVERAGEEast 73.0 -72.9 -10.1 TABLE: TOURIST FLOWS BY REGION IN EUROPE, AMERICA, ASIA, AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST – SOURCES – UNWTO DATA 4.2 The questioning of the tourism development model due to climate change The questioning of the tourist specialization of countries due to climate change has not yet been proven. Indeed, the development of “tourism sectors” still presupposes today that located tourist products have comparative advantages in terms of competitiveness and quality/price ratio. However, the development of these tourist resources does not always make it possible to generate sufficient comparative advantages, so much so that the offer of traditionally touristic countries is increasingly subject to competition from "new touristic countries" as is the case lowwage countries. The result is a questioning of the tourism development model in view of climate change, in particular due to the possible limitation of long-haul travel in order to meet the objectives in terms of carbon footprint. Faced with this development, a questioning of tourism development is more and more likely, particularly with regard to intercontinental international tourism. The tourist industry is both a laborintensive industry and a heavy industry. However, it should be noted that too often investment efforts in the tourism sector have not been sufficient. This is the case of many coastal regions of France, Spain, Italy, the Greek islands, the Balearic Islands or the Canary Islands. The result is premature aging of accommodation, hotel and supplementary accommodation units
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