5 which cultural goods are: "immovable and movable property belonging to the State, to the Regions, to other local public bodies, as well as to any other public body and institution and to private non-profitmaking legal persons, including ecclesiastical entities civilly recognized, of artistic, historical, archaeological or ethno-anthropological interest", as well as: "the collections of museums, picture galleries, galleries and other exhibition sites of the State, the regions, other local authorities and any other public body and institution; b) the archives and individual documents of the State, the regions, other local and regional authorities, as well as any other public body or institution; c) the library collections of libraries in the State, the regions, other local and regional public authorities and any other public body or institution, with the exception of the collections that perform the functions of the libraries indicated in article 47, paragraph 2, of the decree of the President of the Republic 24 July 1977, n. 616" and property owned by private persons if declared as such by the local superintendents with a special declaration and not explicitly excluded by the appropriate procedure. In this context, the ratio of the Code is, according to some, exclusively to regulate the commercial exploitation of cultural goods (reserving it to supervisors and authorised individuals, subject to payment of a fee) to better finance its conservation and management 7. Having said this, however, it cannot be denied that in the Italian legal system it is also possible to configure an interest in "cultural identity" without being forced to identify it only and exclusively in material goods 8. Environmental goods, in fact, can also be considered (latu sensu) "cultural goods", which is why the notion of landscape is also capable of assuming cultural value, as well as, consequently, the interest in landscape is able to express cultural values, when it recalls the relationship between a given community and the territory. Nor, on the other hand, is it useful to object that the Italian legal system seems to protect the interest in cultural identity only with the 7 Cf. A. ROSSARI and R. TOGNI (edited by),Towards a management of cultural heritage as a public service: legislative activity and cultural debate from the unitary state to the regions (1860-1977), Milan, 1978; B. DENTE (edited by) Public policies in Italy, Bologna, 1990. 8 Cf. E. A. IMPARATO, Cultural identity and territory between Constitution and regional policies, cit., p. 37.
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